What Is the European Banking Systems of the States?
The banking system operates on the basis of relevant
laws and regulations, which collectively form the infrastructure and regulatory
enshrining it. The organizational structure of the banking system is complex
and heterogeneous. In general, the banking system reflects the basic,
fundamental direction of society. The structure of the banking system is
subject to the decision of the major problems facing society.
Consideration of the totality of the banks is how the
system requires adherence to certain conditions, in fact, are the basic
features of the concept of "system", which include:
• Fullness, ie, there are a number of elements forming
a whole set of relatively closed complex
• Structured, the grouping of individual elements in
segments, with similar levels of classification features
• Integrity of the system as the presence of elements,
and sufficient for a stable, efficient operation of all required segments, and
the levels of all elements, their filling
• Interconnectedness, interaction between the
individual elements
The banking system reflects a complex concept, while
it may be considered and structured with a number of positions, first and
foremost as an organization and as an institutional scheme, in addition, of
particular importance are the approaches to structuring the system functions,
relationships, hierarchy, and specialization (orientation), complexity, areas
of implementation, etc.
Institutional circuit includes a plurality of separate
elements, ie organizational structures (institutions and organizations), directly
or indirectly involved in banking activities, their composition, tasks,
functions and operations areas, the relationship and hierarchy.
Organizational chart combines operating in the State
the types and forms of loans, which involve the establishment of bank type. The
scheme is structured according to the forms of credit and the nature of the
participation of banks.
The banking system is characterized by the following
characteristics and properties:
1. The banking system is not an accidental variety, a
random collection of elements. It cannot be mechanically include subjects as
active in the market, but subordinate to other goals.
2. The banking system is specific, it expresses the
properties specific to itself, unlike other systems that operate in the
economy. The specificity of the banking system is determined by its constituent
elements and relationships that develop between them.
3. Banking system can be represented as a whole, as a
variety of parts, subject to a greater whole. This means that its individual
parts (different banks) are connected in such a way that they can if necessary
be replaced by the interaction. If a bank is liquidated, the whole system
becomes dysfunctional, because there is another bank that can perform banking
transactions and services. In the banking system can integrate with the new
parts, fills a specific unit. Theoretically, one can assume that even if the
banking system disappears first tier - the central bank, the whole system does
not collapse, a time other banks are able within the means of payment issued by
the masses to carry out banking and nonbank operations. In the history of some
countries have been examples where the emission is not only the operation entrusted
to the central bank and commercial banks.
4. The banking system is not in a static state, on the
contrary, it is always in the dynamics. It should be noted two things: first,
the banking system as a whole is always in motion, it is supplemented with new
components and improved. Second, within the banking system is constantly having
new connections. The interaction between the forms as the central bank and
commercial, as well as between them. Banks participating in the interbank
market, buy cash resources from each other, support each other and other
services, for example, participate in joint projects to finance companies, form
associations and unions.
5. The banking system is a system of closed type. In
the full sense of it is not quite closed, as it interacts with the environment,
with other systems. Nevertheless, it is closed because despite the exchange of
information between banks and central banks of the publication of special
statistical compilations, information directories, newsletters, a "banking
secrecy". In accordance with the laws of the banks have no right to give
information about the cash balances in the accounts of their movement.
6. The banking system is a self-organizing, since the
change in economic conditions, political situation inevitably leads to an
automatic change in banking policy.
7. The banking system serves as a control system. The central bank, conducting an independent monetary policy, in various forms is accountable to Parliament or the executive branch. Commercial banks as legal entities, operating on the basis of general and special banking laws, and their economic activities are regulated by standards established by the central bank, which provides control over the activities of credit institutions.
Passing through the entire site, you will learn sbankovskimi systems of different countries such as Poland, Latvia, France, Italy, Spain, Cyprus, Austria, Switzerland, Iceland, Europe, Jersey and many other banking systems.
7. The banking system serves as a control system. The central bank, conducting an independent monetary policy, in various forms is accountable to Parliament or the executive branch. Commercial banks as legal entities, operating on the basis of general and special banking laws, and their economic activities are regulated by standards established by the central bank, which provides control over the activities of credit institutions.
Passing through the entire site, you will learn sbankovskimi systems of different countries such as Poland, Latvia, France, Italy, Spain, Cyprus, Austria, Switzerland, Iceland, Europe, Jersey and many other banking systems.
